Species profile

Amphicnemis madelenae

Laidlaw, 1913

Taxonomic path

SuborderZygoptera

FamilyCoenagrionidae

GenusAmphicnemis

CRCritically Endangered

Last updated: 01 July 2026

Amphicnemis madelenae

Diagnosis

A very delicate and slender Amphicnemis known from Sarawak, Borneo. Males have an abdomen about 32 mm long and hind wings around 18 mm. The head is pale yellow to yellowish white, with a dark green upper surface and small black markings on the labrum. The prothorax is brilliant metallic green above and laterally, with a pale yellow underside. In males, the posterior lobe bears a long, nearly vertical median spine, whereas females lack this prothoracic spine. The synthorax is bright metallic green on the upper surface and along the upper lateral areas, with pale yellow to yellowish-white lower sides. A metallic-green spot is present on the upper metepisternum, while a short yellow stripe occurs along the mesepisternal suture. The coxae are pale yellow; femora are orange, while tibiae and tarsi are yellow. Abdominal segments 1–2 are metallic green dorsally and yellowish white below. Segments 3–6 are pale brown with distinct basal yellow rings that are interrupted along the mid-dorsal line. The terminal segments are darker brown with purplish reflections and lack clear pale markings. The pterostigma of the forewings is dark greyish brown with a narrow pale margin, whereas that of the hind wings is bright orange with a darker centre. The anal appendages vary from nearly white in younger males to dirty yellowish or orange in older individuals, often with pinkish or purplish tips. The superior appendages are slender, cylindrical, slightly curved downward, and broadened toward the tip, with a small blunt inner projection near the middle. The inferior appendages are stouter and antler-like, each bearing a strong tooth directed inward and upward. Females are andochromatic and resemble males in general colouration, but have orange anal appendages and short brown valvae that barely extend beyond the abdominal tip.

Morphological Characters

Anal Appendage
1 / 1

Locality

Distribution

North West Kalimantan and South West Sarawak (Malaysia)

Ecology

Habitat

Amphicnemis madelenae is associated with lowland swamp-forest environments, particularly acidic peat-swamp habitats. Although habitat details from the type locality are unavailable, other records indicate its occurrence in forest marshes and old rubber gardens established on peat soils. The known habitat therefore appears to include a mixed landscape of remnant peat-swamp forest and older rubber vegetation. Current evidence suggests that the species can persist where parts of its natural swamp-forest habitat remain intact, even when the area has experienced limited historical disturbance. However, it has not been documented from intensively managed rubber estates or other plantation systems, indicating that extensive conversion of peat-swamp forest may be unsuitable for the species.

Remarks

Notes

Additional notes will be added in future revisions.

Literature

References

2 references
  1. 1

    Laidlaw, F.F. (1913). Contributions to the study of the dragonfly fauna of Borneo. Part I. The Corduliinae: The genus Amphicnemis: The legion Protoneura. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 63--80.

  2. 2

    Lieftinck, M.A. (1940). Descriptions and records of Southeast Asiatic Odonata (II). Treubia 17: 337-390.